genetically modified food :)!

1). Genetically modified (GM) foods are food items that have had their DNA changed through genetic engineering.

2). Unlike conventional genetic modification that is carried out through conventional breeding and that have been consumed for thousands of years, GM foods were first put on the market in the early 1990s.

3). The most common modified foods are derived from plants: soybean, corn, canola, and cotton seed oil.

4). The first commercially grown genetically modified whole food crop was the tomato.

gene therapy :)!

1). Genes, which are carried on chromosomes, are the basic physical and functional units of heredity.

2). Retroviruses - A class of viruses that can create double-stranded DNA copies of their RNA genomes. These copies of its genome can be integrated into the chromosomes of host cells.

3). Adenoviruses - A class of viruses with double-stranded DNA genomes that cause respiratory, intestinal, and eye infections in humans. The virus that causes the common cold is an adenovirus.

4). Adeno-associated viruses - A class of small, single-stranded DNA viruses that can insert their genetic material at a specific site on chromosome 19.

5). Herpes simplex viruses - A class of double-stranded DNA viruses that infect a particular cell type, neurons. Herpes simplex virus type 1 is a common human pathogen that causes cold sores.

genetic diseases and testing :)!

1). Genetic testing allows the genetic diagnosis of vulnerabilities to inherited diseases.

2). Several hundred genetic tests are currently in use, and more are being developed.

3). Genetic tests are done by analyzing small samples of blood or body tissues.

dolly the sheep :)!

1). Dolly was a ewe (July 5, 1996 – February 14, 2003) that was the first animal to be cloned from an adult someatic cells.

2). she was cloned by Ian Wilmut and Keith Campbell.

3). she lived to be 6 years old.

4). The cell used as the donor for the cloning of Dolly was taken from a mammery gland and the production of a healthy clone therefore proved that a cell taken from a specific body part could recreate a whole individual.

human Genome project :)!

1). 13 year old project.

2). they wanted to identify all the approximately 20,000-25,000 genes in human DNA,

3). also wanted to determine the sequences of the 3 billion chemical base pairs that make up human DNA,

the structue of DNA :)!

1). The structure of DNA is illustrated by a right handed double helix.

2). with about 10 nucleotide pairs per helical turn.

3). Each spiral strand, composed of a sugar phosphate backbone and attached bases, is connected to a complementary strand by hydrogen bonding.

who was Gregor Mendel :)?

1). He was a German speaking scientisit.
2). He was known as the father of genetics.
3). He wasn't really reconised untill the 20th centery, but when he was rediscovered it promed the disipline of genetics.